Vegetable Arrangement

DEFINITION

Organic Chemistry is a science that provides an unquestionable contribution to improving the quality of life and welfare of man, coming up with solutions in fields as diverse as health, hygiene, or preparation of new materials.
According to the Code of Conduct of the American Chemical Society
"The chemicals have the professional responsibility to serve the public interest, welfare and advancement of scientific knowledge, health care and welfare of their colleagues, customers and the community, understand and anticipate the environmental consequences of their work, prevent pollution and protect the environment. "
This concern for the issues MEDIAMBIENTALES has made in recent years focused primarily arising in chemistry in general and organic chemistry, in particular that aims to prevent or minimize pollution at source, both in industry and in laboratories research or educational character. This is what is called green chemistry. This goes far beyond what would be the mere fact the proper handling of potentially polluting waste that may result if not something much more improtant: avoid the formation of polluting waste and promote the economy of time and resources.

TECHNOLOGY
The Green Chemistry technologies can be classified into one of the following approaches:

1. Greener Reaction Conditions in the traditional synthesis, for example, replacing an organic solvent and water, or not use solvents, or using methods that require less reaction time, thus saving time and energy
2. Greener a synthesis that employs a traditional change, eg biomass materials rather than from reserves
petrochemical 3. Use catalytic processes rather than stoichiometric reagents, which also can be recycled
4. synthesize new substances with the same properties as the substance to which replaces, but less toxic. For example the use of pesticides that are toxic only on the agencies on implementing and biodegrades benign substances on the environment



PRINCIPLES
The design of environmentally benign products and processes must guided in the 12 principles of green chemistry based on:

1. Prevention: It is better to prevent a waste to try to clean it once it is formed.
2. Atom Economy:
Synthetic methods should be designed to maximize the incorporation in the final product, all materials used in the process, minimizing the formation of byproducts.
3. Using methodologies that generate products with reduced toxicity:
Whenever possible, synthetic methods should be designed to use and generate substances with little or no toxicity to humans and the environment.
4. Generate products
effective but not toxic chemicals should be designed so as to maintain efficacy while reducing toxicity.
5. Reduce the use of auxiliary substances
be avoided, if possible, the use of non-essential substances (solvents, reagents to perform separations, etc..) And in the event that used to be as safe as possible .
6. Reducing energy consumption
Energy requirements should be recognized for their environmental and economic impact, should be minimized. We will try to carry out the synthesis methods at ambient temperature and pressure.
7. Using
renewable raw materials Raw materials should be renewable rather than depleting whenever technically and economically viable.
8. Avoid unnecessary derivatization
be avoided if possible the formation of derivatives (blocking group, protection / deprotection, temporary modification of physical / chemical processes).
9. Empowerment
catalysis Catalytic (as selective as possible), reusable as possible, rather than stoichiometric reagents
10. Generate products
biodegradabables Chemicals are designed so that the end of their function will not persist in the environment but are transformed into innocuous degradation products.
11. Develop analytical methodologies for real-time monitoring
Analytical methodologies will be further developed to allow monitoring and real-time control of the process before the formation of hazardous substances
12. Minimize the potential for chemical accidents.
be selected substances used in chemical processes so as to minimize the riesgol of chemical accidents, including releases, explosions and fires.